Using a class double
class_double is provided as a complement to instance_double with the difference that it
  verifies class methods on the given class rather than instance methods.
In addition, it also provides a convenience method as_stubbed_const to replace concrete
  classes with the defined double. See mutating constants for more details.
Note: class_double can be used for modules as well. We chose to stick with the
  class_double terminology because the methods a class_double verifies against are
  commonly called “class methods”, not “module methods”, even when working with a module.
Background
Given a file named “lib/user.rb” with:
class User
  def suspend!
    ConsoleNotifier.notify("suspended as")
  end
end
Given a file named “lib/console_notifier.rb” with:
class ConsoleNotifier
  MAX_WIDTH = 80
  def self.notify(message)
    puts message
  end
end
Given a file named “spec/user_spec.rb” with:
require 'user'
require 'console_notifier'
RSpec.describe User, '#suspend!' do
  it 'notifies the console' do
    notifier = class_double("ConsoleNotifier").
      as_stubbed_const(:transfer_nested_constants => true)
    expect(notifier).to receive(:notify).with("suspended as")
    expect(ConsoleNotifier::MAX_WIDTH).to eq(80)
    user = User.new
    user.suspend!
  end
end
Replacing existing constants
When I run rspec spec/user_spec.rb
Then the examples should all pass.
Renaming ConsoleNotifier.notify to send_notification
Given a file named “lib/console_notifier.rb” with:
class ConsoleNotifier
  MAX_WIDTH = 80
  def self.send_notification(message)
    puts message
  end
end
When I run rspec spec/user_spec.rb
Then the output should contain “1 example, 1 failure”
And the output should contain “the ConsoleNotifier class does not implement the class method:”.